--- title: "Import & export PDF annotations from Instant JSON in Flutter" canonical_url: "https://www.nutrient.io/guides/flutter/annotations/import-and-export/instant-json/" md_url: "https://www.nutrient.io/guides/flutter/annotations/import-and-export/instant-json.md" last_updated: "2026-05-26T07:02:01.697Z" description: "Nutrient Flutter SDK leverages the Instant JSON format to import and export annotations. This article shows how to import." --- # Import and export PDF annotations from Instant JSON in Flutter Nutrient Flutter SDK leverages the [Instant JSON format](https://www.nutrient.io/guides/web/json.md) to import and export annotations. This article shows how to import and export annotations using the Instant JSON format. ## Details Instant JSON is our approach to bringing annotations into a modern format while keeping all important properties to make the Instant JSON spec work with PDF. It’s fully documented and supports long-term storage. Instant JSON allows you to store PDF changes like annotations in a separate JSON file. This means that a PDF document will only need to be transferred once, and all changes will be added as an overlay to the existing PDF. This approach significantly reduces the bandwidth since you only need to transfer the JSON instead of the complete PDF. Conceptually, Instant JSON defines a list of `skippedPdfObjectIds`. These point to the PDF’s internal object IDs for annotations. Whenever an object ID is marked as _skipped_, it’ll no longer be loaded from the original PDF. Instead, it could be defined inside the `annotations` array with the same `pdfObjectId`. If this is the case, the PDF viewer will display the new annotation, which signals an update to the original one. If an object ID is marked as _skipped_ but the `annotations` array doesn’t contain an annotation with the same `pdfObjectId`, it’ll be interpreted as a _deleted_ annotation. An annotation inside the `annotations` array without the `pdfObjectId` property is interpreted as a newly created annotation. All annotations in the `annotations` array have a unique `id` field. For updated annotations that were in the original PDF, this field will be the stringified `pdfObjectId`. Newly created annotations will get a newly generated [ULID](https://github.com/alizain/ulid/). An “empty” Instant JSON contains neither `skippedPdfObjectIds` nor `annotations`, which means the original PDF is untouched. All annotations in the initial PDF are still shown. ## Importing Instant JSON You can add an existing Instant Document JSON payload to a document by calling `applyInstantJson(annotationsJSON)`, like so: ```dart // Create an Instant JSON payload. final annotationsJson = ''' { "annotations": [{ "bbox": [18.4609375, 582.3333740234375, 431.6640625, 426.00003051757812], "blendMode": "normal", "createdAt": "2019-11-15T15:36:25Z", "creatorName": "PSPDFKit", "isDrawnNaturally": false, "lineWidth": 10, "lines": { "intensities": [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], "points": [[[271.6171875, 598], [266.93331909179688, 595.16668701171875], [259.71206665039062, 591.5833740234375], [255.27398681640625, 590.16668701171875], [248.65992736816406, 588.75], [244.59376525878906, 588.0030517578125], [239.75138854980469, 587.3333740234375], [234.60507202148438, 587.3333740234375], [229.98934936523438, 587.3333740234375], [225.3984375, 588.5908203125], [218.64601135253906, 588.75], [212.66595458984375, 588.75], [206.78047180175781, 590.16668701171875], [190.50941467285156, 591.5833740234375], [179.1796875, 593.75], [167.80718994140625, 595.16668701171875], [158.66848754882812, 596.5833740234375], [150.61857604980469, 598], [144.00840759277344, 600.125], [139.43266296386719, 600.125], [135.82032775878906, 601.54168701171875], [130.93865966796875, 604.41668701171875], [125.97789764404297, 607.9583740234375], [120.16405487060547, 609.6793212890625], [114.53083038330078, 612.2083740234375], [109.08804321289062, 614.375], [104.01295471191406, 616.29022216796875], [98.109375, 619.43707275390625], [92.337196350097656, 622.16668701171875], [87.625740051269531, 625.04168701171875], [82.543983459472656, 628.5833740234375], [77.507820129394531, 631.41668701171875], [71.68023681640625, 636.41668701171875], [68.25, 641.36651611328125], [63.281246185302734, 644.66424560546875], [58.289066314697266, 650.6976318359375], [54.0234375, 658.99774169921875], [49.0546875, 669.7379150390625], [42.656242370605469, 681.2083740234375], [37.6875, 694.83612060546875], [32.695316314697266, 707.46807861328125], [29.859375, 717.4583740234375], [28.429689407348633, 730.241943359375], [24.867185592651367, 742.06866455078125], [24.867185592651367, 753.7083740234375], [23.4609375, 768.94134521484375], [23.4609375, 782.875], [23.4609375, 799.98004150390625], [23.4609375, 814.16668701171875], [24.867185592651367, 828.375], [27, 841.2083740234375], [29.859375, 854], [32.695316314697266, 867.92138671875], [36.257816314697266, 880.78863525390625], [41.226566314697266, 893.8333740234375], [42.656242370605469, 904.97161865234375], [44.085941314697266, 913.21966552734375], [45.185382843017578, 919.41668701171875], [48.017143249511719, 928.0272216796875], [51.890621185302734, 937.18316650390625], [56.882816314697266, 946.41668701171875], [61.938720703125, 952.8333740234375], [64.687507629394531, 957.05609130859375], [70.581169128417969, 962.0833740234375], [78.143966674804688, 968.4583740234375], [86.742179870605469, 973.4583740234375], [96.703125, 979.875], [109.5, 984.125], [124.87102508544922, 989.0833740234375], [137.95753479003906, 992.66668701171875], [149.32032775878906, 995.5], [163.54685974121094, 999.04168701171875], [184.17189025878906, 1000.4583740234375], [209.76560974121094, 1001.9166870117188], [231.79685974121094, 1003.3333740234375], [250.99217224121094, 1003.3333740234375], [265.053955078125, 1003.3333740234375], [276.60940551757812, 1003.3333740234375], [287.2734375, 1001.9166870117188], [301.83041381835938, 1000.2388916015625], [317.83590698242188, 995.5], [333.4921875, 992.66668701171875], [345.98687744140625, 984.57415771484375], [355.52838134765625, 976.28839111328125], [366.91409301757812, 965.625], [384.67971801757812, 952.8333740234375], [401.74224853515625, 941.4583740234375], [414.5625, 932.2083740234375], [425.454345703125, 924.84600830078125], [432.32809448242188, 915.875], [436.59375, 901.6387939453125], [441.58590698242188, 881], [442.99221801757812, 854], [445.125, 830.54168701171875], [445.125, 807.79168701171875], [442.99221801757812, 788.7923583984375], [440.15625, 771.5], [435.16409301757812, 752.2916259765625], [430.19534301757812, 736.66668701171875], [427.35934448242188, 724.387451171875], [424.5, 715.0751953125], [420.96090698242188, 708.2083740234375], [415.96810913085938, 698.25], [410.59469604492188, 690.4583740234375], [406.734375, 682.9306640625], [403.17190551757812, 677.268798828125], [400.33590698242188, 671.87744140625], [395.66424560546875, 668.41668701171875], [389.95599365234375, 662.67138671875], [381.23092651367188, 657], [373.3125, 650.625], [366.91409301757812, 645.625], [360.19537353515625, 641.375], [354.17913818359375, 637.8333740234375], [349.00265502929688, 634.9583740234375], [345.44509887695312, 631.41668701171875], [339.6290283203125, 628.5833740234375], [334.68048095703125, 625.04168701171875], [330.84097290039062, 623.5833740234375], [325.87319946289062, 622.16668701171875], [319.62060546875, 620.75], [315.2069091796875, 618.625], [309.99786376953125, 618.6029052734375], [304.51095581054688, 617.2083740234375], [300.08163452148438, 617.2083740234375], [297.23440551757812, 616.544189453125], [292.9212646484375, 615.7916259765625], [287.88607788085938, 615.7916259765625], [283.19888305664062, 615.7916259765625], [277.85714721679688, 615.7916259765625], [273.72171020507812, 615.043701171875], [268.078125, 614.58349609375], [264.75930786132812, 615.7916259765625], [260.88003540039062, 615.7916259765625], [256.7109375, 615.7916259765625], [252.39967346191406, 617.2083740234375], [247.453125, 622.875], [243.87890625, 623.5833740234375], [239.98826599121094, 625.04168701171875]]] }, "name": "ed9b4f2f-8178-4b69-9c50-bb59f820e10e", "opacity": 1, "pageIndex": 0, "strokeColor": "#2196F3", "type": "pspdfkit/ink", "updatedAt": "2019-11-15T15:36:25Z", "v": 1 }], "format": "https://pspdfkit.com/instant-json/v1", "pdfId": { "changing": "3llO8Q1c9h7lim6xrsd3BQ==", "permanent": "2ShIBg/xQBK0uIs748b8Ng==" } } '''; await pdfDocument.applyInstantJson(annotationsJson); ``` ## Exporting Instant JSON You can export the current annotations of a document as an Instant JSON payload by calling `exportInstantJson()`: ```dart final annotationsJSON = await pdfDocument.exportInstantJson(); print(annotationsJSON); // Will print all the unsaved annotations in the document. ``` Only unsaved annotations will be exported. --- ## Related pages - [Import and export PDF annotations from XFDF files in Flutter](/guides/flutter/annotations/import-and-export/xfdf.md)